涉外离婚实务：离婚案件比较法研究——涉外离婚案件办结小记

离婚案件比较法研究——涉外离婚案件办结小记

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笔者很少做婚姻家庭类的律师代理业务，为什么呢？是不喜欢吗？不是的，是因为很多委托的意向，往往难以成案，因为案件的难度系数过大，耗费时间精力资财甚巨，让人望而却步。笔者很懒，只想着吹糠见米，不舍得花费时间精力去耕耘这个领域，特别是沟通成本高的业务订单，直接放弃。

不止一位涉外重婚的当事人（意向委托人）找到笔者，希望笔者为其解决难言之隐的烦恼，笔者很无奈，解决不了，老师没教过。后来在自媒体“婚姻家庭与资本市场”微信公众号上看过李丹律师撰写的一篇纯英文文章（没有查到中文版）

Bigamy， It is NOT a Joke but a Serious Crime

很佩服，但是好不容易看懂了以后就会发现这显然不是当事人想要的结果。

涉外婚姻的跨境财产分割，境外结婚登记的凭证文件遗失的，境外宗教仪式婚礼方式缔结婚姻关系的，非“一夫一妻”的群婚制国际私法问题，笔者很无奈，解决不了，答都答不上来，想都没想过。

“无奈”的次数多了，就没人来问，没事来找了，就成了象牙塔里的孤家寡人，离群索居。

脱离男欢女爱的俗世凡尘久了，近日复出办结一宗通过“云审”APP或微信小程序online远程审理的中美离婚调解民事案件，算是在新的一年有了一个好的彩头。下面分享一下笔者的汉译英笔译作业，让大家感受一下简约简单的案件中体现的设计感和精巧才思、客户辅导服务：

（节选）

本院于 **** 年 ** 月 ** 日立案受理了原告***诉被告***离婚纠纷一案，依法适用简易程序进行了审理。

On  **** , this court filed and accepted the divorce dispute case between plaintiff *** and defendant *** , and conducted a trial of the simplified procedure in accordance with the PRC law.

原告***与被告***经人介绍认识后，于 ***年 ***月***日在***市民政局婚姻登记处登记结婚，结婚证字号为 ***。婚后没有生育子女，没有共同财产和债权债务。因婚后分居两地，尤其疫情期间，双方长期未能一起生活，夫妻关系名存实亡。原告认为，原、被告之间婚后多年没有在一起共同生活，建立起正常的夫妻关系，现夫妻感情已完全破裂，再无和好的可能。

The plaintiff and the defendant got to know each other through an introduction of third-party and registered their marriage on  ****  at the Marriage Registration Office of  ****  Civil Affairs Bureau, with the marriage certificate number  **** . After marriage, there are no children, no joint property or debt. Because of being separated from each other after marriage, especially during the epidemic period, both parties were unable to live together for a long time, and the marital relationship was in name only. The plaintiff believes that plaintiff and defendant have not lived together for many years after marriage and could not establish a normal marital relationship yet. The marital relationship has completely been broken down and there is no any possibility of being reunited.

为了维护原告的合法权益，解除双方名存实亡的跨国婚姻，根据《中华人民共和国民法典》第一千零七十九条之规定，特向法院提起诉讼，提出以下诉讼请求：1、判令原告***与被告*** 离婚；2、判令本案的诉讼费用由被告承担。

In order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the plaintiff, and terminate the transnational marriage relationship which is only superficially but not materially existing, a lawsuit is hereby filed with the court, in accordance with Article 1079 of the Civil Code of the People's Republic of China, claiming the following: 1. Order the plaintiff *** to divorce the defendant ***; 2. Order that the litigation costs in this case shall be borne by the defendant.

经本院主持调解，双方当事人自愿达成如下协议：

Through reconciliation and mediation presided over by this court, both parties voluntarily reach the following agreement:

一、原告 **** 与被告 **** 自愿离婚；

1、 Plaintiff  ****  and defendant  **** voluntarily divorced;

二、本案因调解结案减半收取案件受理费 150 元（原告已预付本院），原告自愿承担。

2、 This case was settled through mediation, and the court fee was charged in half in amount of RMB ¥150 yuan (the plaintiff has already prepaid to this court), which the plaintiff *** voluntarily bears.

上述协议，不违反法律规定，本院予以确认。

The above agreement does not violate any legal provision, and this court confirms it here.

本调解书经各方当事人签收后即具有法律效力。

This mediation agreement shall have legal effect upon receipt by all parties involved.

审判员 ***

Judge：***

二〇二四年一月三十一日

on the date of January 31, 2024

本件与原本核对无异

This item has been verified to be identical to the original one

书记员 ***

Clerk: ***

然后来对比一下笔者近日浏览的新闻报导：

Two and a Half Men Creator Chuck Lorre Settles Divorce, Agrees to Pay Ex Arielle $5 Million

《好汉两个半》的创造者查克.洛里解决了离婚，同意向前妻艾丽埃尔支付500万美元

The settlement also includes a non-disparagement clause, and 'The Big Bang Theory' creator has been awarded ownership of the former couple's dog Harvey, with "liberal visitation" for Arielle

和解协议还包括一项不得贬损的条款，这对前夫妇的狗哈维的所有权被授予了《生活大爆炸》的创作者，与此同时艾丽埃尔享有“自由探视”之权。

By Esther Kang作者：艾思莎尔.康恩

Published on February 8, 2024 02:26PM EST发表于美国东部时间二零二四年二月八日下午二时二十六分

Two and a Half Men creator Chuck Lorre and his ex-wife Arielle Lorre (née Mandelson) have settled the terms of their divorce.

《好汉两个半》的创作者查克.洛里和他的前妻艾丽埃尔.洛里（née Mandelson）已经解决了离婚条款。

In court documents obtained by PEOPLE, the television writer will pay the wellness influencer $5 million in their divorce settlement. A judge ordered that $1 million will be paid upon the execution of the ruling and the remaining $4 million will be paid within 30 days after Arielle vacates Chuck's properties.

在《人物》杂志获得的法庭文件中，这位电视编剧将向这位健康影响者【健康影响者是指在健康行业建立了信誉并拥有大量追随者的个人，他们利用自己的平台激励和教育他人健康的各个方面】支付500万美元的离婚和解金。法官下令，裁决执行后将支付100万美元，其余400万美元将在艾丽埃尔搬出查克的房产后30天内支付。

According to the documents, all payments will be tax-free and The Big Bang Theory creator, 71, will cease to pay Arielle, 38, further spousal support. The multimillion dollar payment will constitute as a "buyout" of her spousal support claims as previously stipulated in their prenuptial agreement.

根据文件，所有付款都是免税的，71岁的《生活大爆炸》创作者将停止向38岁的艾丽埃尔支付进一步的配偶扶养费。这笔数百万美元的付款将构成对基于他们二人的婚前协议中先前已规定的配偶扶养费主张（声索请求权）的“买断”。

Though all clothing, jewelry, property and other personal effects will remain in custody of its respective party, Chuck has been awarded ownership of the former couple's dog Harvey, though Arielle will receive "liberal visitation" rights to the pet.

尽管所有的衣服、珠宝、财产和其他个人物品都将由各自的一方保管，但查克已被授予这对前夫妇的狗哈维的所有权，尽管艾丽埃尔将获得对宠物的“自由探视”权。

The settlement also includes a non-disparagement clause which prevents both parties from speaking ill of each other "whether written or verbal and whether in public or in private" including but not limited to talk shows, books and social media posts.

和解协议还包括一项禁止贬损条款，防止双方“无论是书面还是口头，无论是公开还是私下”说对方的坏话，包括但不限于脱口秀、书籍和社交媒体帖子。

In July 2022, the exes filed for divorce citing "irreconcilable differences" after nearly three years of marriage, TMZ was first to report the news. At the time, the former couple confirmed their split in a statement shared with PEOPLE: "It is with mutual consideration and respect that we have decided to separate."

2022年7月，查克洛里在结婚近三年后以“不可调和的分歧”为由提出离婚，TMZ 【The term “Thirty Mile Zone” TMZ.com is owned and operated by EHM Productions Inc, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Fox Corporation】率先报道了这一消息。当时，这一对前夫妇在与《人物》杂志分享的一份声明中证实了他们的分手：“我们是在相互考虑和尊重的情况下决定分手的。”

"Our plan is to move forward in different directions but with great love, admiration and gratitude for the time we shared," they added. "We ask that you respect our privacy during this difficult time. Thank you for your support."

他们补充道：“我们的计划是朝着不同的方向前进，但要怀着对我们共同度过的时光的挚爱、钦佩和感激。”“在这艰难的时刻，我们要求您尊重我们的隐私。感谢您的支持。”

The exes wed in October 2018 after dating for two years. They did not share any children. Prior to their union, the Dharma & Greg creator was married to his business partner Paula Smith from 1979 to 1992, and they share daughters Nicole and Asa. He was also married to Playboy Playmate Karen Witter from 2001 to 2010.

这一对前夫妻在交往两年后于2018年10月结婚。他们没有共同生育孩子。在他们结合之前，这位Dharma&Greg的创作者于1979年至1992年与他的商业伙伴Paula Smith结婚，他们共有两个女儿Nicole和Asa。2001年至2010年期间，他还曾与《花花公子》的玩伴凯伦·维特结婚。

笔者是查克.洛里制片的美式喜剧的忠实粉丝，笔者年轻气盛、物质匮乏之时靠看此类剧集解除苦闷。笔者的性格和文风亦受这种美式幽默所影响。

但是，笔者尚未进化到美式富翁的境界：爱犬如爱子，狗狗的抚养权、探视权问题与五百万美金的离婚和解补偿金相提并论。

有钱真好！婚书即契约，有钱才能缔约解约--解约缔约--缔约解约。

原创 黄杰律师